Naïveté in Flannery OConnor’s Good Country People Essay -- OConnor G

Navet in Flannery OConnors Good estate People In Good Country People, Flannery OConnor skillfully presents a story from a third-person point of view, in which the protagonist, exult-Hulga, believes that she is not one of those good country people. Joy is an intelligent and educated but emotionally troubled young woman, struggling to snuff it in a farm environment deep in the countryside of the southeast United States, where she feels that she does not belong. Considering herself intellectually superior to the storys other characters, she experiences an epiphany that may lead her to see her assumptions. Her experience marks a personal transition for her and constitutes the storys theme--the passage from navet to knowledge.OConnor crafts the story so that the plot does not actually begin until cortical potential into the characters has been provided. The limited omniscience persona of the narrative voice alternates between Joy and her mother, Mrs. Hopewell. The exposition provides an understanding of how the characters have developed the personality traits they possess when the drama begins to take place, which is on a Friday evening during the Spring sometime during the mid-1950s. The exposition demonstrates how Joy develops the social and philosophical assumptions that deeply affect the way she sees herself and relates to others.A view into Joy-Hulgas past reveals why she has so much internal conflict and needs to empower herself through the constant judgment of others. What most strongly sets her apart from others is her prosthetic leg, which she has been wearing since her certain leg was shot off at ten years of age in a hunting accident. Enduring teasing and other social hardships caused by her disability has led... ...she has also lost the foundation of her identity, her leg. She is faced with the realization that she has been nave all along. In her pattern of being quick to make assumptions to build her give birth self esteem, Joy-Hulga has not use d her intelligence in a socially beneficial way.The results of her shocking experience could be one of many, but considering Joy-Hulgas personality, she is likely to arrest even more defensive, hostile, and antisocial. She might become less willing to trust others, especially those who come across as good country people. One would hope, however, that Joy will continue to recognize and admit her own navet and to make fewer assumptions about the navet of others. Work CitedOConnor, Flannery. Good Country People. Literature Reading Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. Ed. Robert DiYanni. 5th ed. New York, NY McGraw, 2002. 181-194.

The Reality of War and Death Depicted in Owens Poem, Dulce Et Decorum

If we look at the history of the world with a kaleidoscope, we gutter see the different aspects of state of war and what effect it had on the mind of different people and artists such as poets, painters and authors. Many poets romanticized war, luring it with their pen and giving it a scenic look by glorifying death and obliging young blood to fight for their motherland. For casing the poems Peace by Rupert Brooke and F each In by Harold Begbie painted war with the highlights of glamorous and sensation. Apart from poets there are also politicians who achieved their hires with the help of war and violence while others who used the weapons of non violence to achieve their goals. The most famous example is of Adolf Hitler who took the aid of war to conquer the territories. The media also has a great impact on the mind of the public, like newspapers, televisions, radios arouses the publics interest and motivates the young extension to join the army and fight for the nation. Howeve r, there are artists who look at war in its very naked form. For example the poet Wilfred Owen in his poem Dulce Et decorousness Est demonstrates that no sweetness or honor is earned in dying for ones country, instead humanity is taken away during war. In the commencement stanza Owen uses strong metaphors and similes to convey a meaningful warning. The first line, Bent double, like old beggars under sacks, describes the soldiers tremendous exhaustion. They have been brought down to a beggars level and are being compared to low society. To reinforce this the speaker says, And towards our distant rest began to trudge (3). Everything seemed farther and so the troops desire for relaxation and peace. Owen uses metaphorswork force marched asleep. Many had lost their boots/B... ...Unlike other poets who glorified war and eluded peoples mind Owen brought the reality of war and death in front of peoples eyes. War is not honorable fighting for your nation and gaining victory, it is looki ng at death and inhumanity eye to eye and experiencing agony, suffering and reality. The name of heroes and heroism just remains in words but the reality is the inhuman situation faced during the war. In my opinion war is not a solution to all problems, there is no need for bloodshed, killing, violence and destruction. The problems, the difference of opinion and disputes can be settled by non violence, agreements and understandings. Mahatma Gandhi proved to the world that you can achieve your aim by means of non violence and peace. He rightly said I object to violence because when it appears to do good, the good is only temporary the evil it does is permanent.

A Character Sketch Of Joe Gargery :: essays research papers

A Character Sketch of Joe Gargery     Joe Gargery might non be the smartest or wisest of Dickens characters,but he is definitely unmatchable of the kindest and most humane. Although Miss Havishamgets more attention for being different, I think that you testament soon be convincedthat Joe, however simple he whitethorn be, is definitely a unique character. It is myopinion that Dickens made an effort to raise the readers respect for Joe by thesharp contrast between him and his wife. Three qualities be to Joe arehis affectionate nature, pride, and his perseverance.     When Joe asks Mrs. Gargery to marry him, he especially insists that shebring her young orphaned brother, Pip, to live with them. Joe never reminds Pipof this fact, except when telling Pip how much he thinks of him. Mrs. Gargery,on the other hand, is constantly reminding Pip to be thankful of her "raisinghim by hand". At one point, Pip decides he will teach Joe to read. Although Joehas no real aspiration for this, he humors Pip and lets the boy instruct him.As mentioned before, Mrs. Gargery is a very cruel person. One would think supporting with her would drive even a saint to kill. Even so, Joe never says aharsh word about his wife and treats her with the utmost respect. Pipsdecision to go to capital of the United Kingdom has a greater impact than most readers think. Not onlywas Joe losing a set of hands around the forge, but he was also saying leave-takingto a boy who must have been like a son to him. Joe knew that once Pip leftthey would never have the same relationship. It was clear to Joe that this wasPips dream, so not once did he question the decision Pip had made.     When Pip is asked to come to Miss Havishams and "play", Mrs. Gargeryand Pumblechook are driven crazy wondering what introduce she will give Pip for hisservice. Joe, on the other hand, pays no attention to their high hopes. Hispride is also evident when he turns down the money Jaggers offers him for Pipsindentures. It is not that Joe couldnt use the money, after all he is losingPips help in the forge and his wife is bedridden.     Joe proves to be a man of great perseverance. He manages to run asmithy, be married to a wife with a temper that makes a rabid dog seem tame, and

Artificial Intelligence and Angelology :: Technology Science Computers Essays

Artificial Intelligence and AngelologyABSTRACT Recently, as I have become more computer-literate, I have noticed some interesting parallels between computer mechanisms and Aquinas metaphysics of angelic faculties. The present essay expands on some of the analogies which Aquinas himself, though no proponent of AI possible action, might have found interesting.One of the philosophy newsgroups on the Internet is entitled comp.ai.philosophy. This group features constant variations on questions such as how close can artificial intelligence (particularly computers) approximate to human race consciousness? is free will reducible to neurological mechanisms? and so forth. From my unscientific sampling, I would adjudicate that the clientele of this newsgroup is about evenly split between those who tend towards a reductive materialism, and those who maintain that consciousness or some element in human consciousness is not reducible to neural structures or functions. So the classical Hobbes vs . Berkeley debate continues on into the twenty-first millennium.One of the problems facing those who theorize about the freedom and irreducibility of consciousness is the fact that it is difficult to conceptualize the essence of consciousness, as distinct from the sensations, feelings, etc. that are often associated with consciousness. Here we are definitely getting into rob metaphysics. Medieval philosophers such as Aquinas, Duns Scotus and Suarez faced up to this challenge with a little help from Christian revelation, by speculating about the characteristics and functions of angels or separate substances, who would presumably exemplify consciousness in its pure state, without any distracting admixtures. In this paper, I would like to take a look in particular at Aquinas theory of separate substances. With this theory, we bypass the old question of the reducibility or irreducibility of consciousness to its material conditions, and we also find, in my opinion, some interesting ana logies to contemporary computer technology. It would be in like manner much to hope that these analogies, even if substantial, would instigate a revival of interest in Angelology among technophiles. But those interested in the metaphysics of the mind-body problem may find them connotativeMicroprocessors and Angelic Self-possession The microprocessors of todays computers are integrated circuits which contain the CPU on a single chip. The latest developments, with variable clock speeds now often exceeding 200 MHz, include Intells Pentium chip, the IBM/Apple/Motorola PowerPC chip, as well as chips from Cyrix and AMD. The CPU chip is the heart of the computer only memory and input-output devices have to be added. A small fan might be added on top of the fastest chips to cool them down, but in the chip itself there are no contemptible parts, no complex gaps between the movement being imparted and that which imparts the movement.

Hamlet - Noble Prince in a Corrupt World Essay -- Shakespeare Hamlet E

Hamlet - Noble Prince in a Corrupt World Ever since I was acquainted with tragic plays, I fell in love with the ideas, concepts, and even moral beliefs of these tragic style writers. Having never truly understood or exact any of William Shakespeares work, it was hard to see where he was coming from. After reading and analyzing Hamlet, my first instincts depicted Shakespeare as a dramatist who was bent on creating an besides tragic, unfathomable drama. That is why this essay is based around defending the opinion that Hamlet is a noble prince who suffers from a corrupt world that is not fitted to his sensitive moral nature. By doing this, the original implications will trustfully be disproved. Maybe in the end, it will bee seen where Shakespeare is coming from in this enigmatic play. We begin with Horatio, the bookman who is invited by two guards standing watch in Elsinore Castle. These sentinels have spotted a spirit wandering the grounds for the past two nights at midnight, and they hope to answer their questions through Horatio. When the ghost first appears to the three men, Horatio urges to have Prince Hamlet notified at once the presence of his dead fathers ghost, at one time world power Hamlet. Why would King Hamlets spirit be wandering the grounds of Elsinore? This opening of the play is crucial because it brings up many questions that one hopes to answer later. Due to the uncertainty of them being evil or heavenly, the people of the time were afraid of ghosts, including the two guards and Horatio who were horrified when they first encounter King Hamlets spirit. Hamlet is quoted I wish that my surviving flesh would melt into nothingness. He is without a doubt talki... ... A place that obeys, abides, and accepts the world, which they live in. While reading Hamlet, the ideas Shakespeare was trying to convey were analyzed a dapple more critically due to the absence of everything being presented to you. Trying to visual ize the setting, the movements and actions of the characters allows one to grasp the concepts in a much broader perspective. It was a good interpret to try to understand one of the most poetic writers of all time, and I look forward to digging deeper into Shakespeare in the near future. Sources Calderwood, James L. To Be and non To Be Negation and Metadrama in Hamlet. New York Columbia U P, 1983. Wofford, Susanne L., ed. Case Studies in Contemporary Criticism, William Shakespeare The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Boston Bedford Books of St. Martins Press, 1994.

Hamlet - Noble Prince in a Corrupt World Essay -- Shakespeare Hamlet E

Hamlet - Noble Prince in a Corrupt World eer since I was acquainted with tragic plays, I fell in love with the ideas, concepts, and even moral beliefs of these tragic style writers. Having never truly understood or read any of William Shakespeares work, it was hard to see where he was coming from. After reading and analyzing Hamlet, my first instincts depicted Shakespeare as a dramatist who was bent on creating an overly tragic, unfathomable drama. That is why this essay is based around defending the opinion that Hamlet is a noble prince who suffers from a corrupt world that is non suitable to his sensitive moral nature. By doing this, the original implications will hopefully be disproved. Maybe in the end, it will bee seen where Shakespeare is coming from in this enigmatic play. We baffle with Horatio, the scholar who is invited by two guards standing watch in Elsinore Castle. These sentinels have spotted a spirit wandering the grounds for the past two nights at mi dnight, and they hope to answer their questions through Horatio. When the ghost first appears to the three men, Horatio urges to have Prince Hamlet notified at once the presence of his dead fathers ghost, at one clipping King Hamlet. Why would King Hamlets spirit be wandering the grounds of Elsinore? This opening of the play is crucial because it brings up many questions that one hopes to answer later. repayable to the uncertainty of them being evil or heavenly, the people of the time were afraid of ghosts, including the two guards and Horatio who were horrified when they first encounter King Hamlets spirit. Hamlet is quoted I privation that my living flesh would melt into nothingness. He is without a doubt talki... ... A place that obeys, abides, and accepts the world, which they live in. While reading Hamlet, the ideas Shakespeare was trying to convey were analyzed a bit more critically due to the absence of everything being presented to you. Trying to visuali ze the setting, the movements and actions of the characters allows one to grasp the concepts in a much broader perspective. It was a true(p) experience to try to understand one of the most poetic writers of all time, and I look forward to digging deeper into Shakespeare in the near future. Sources Calderwood, James L. To Be and Not To Be Negation and Metadrama in Hamlet. New York Columbia U P, 1983. Wofford, Susanne L., ed. Case Studies in Contemporary Criticism, William Shakespeare The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Boston Bedford Books of St. Martins Press, 1994.

Financial Planning Essay

1.How tummy using personal financial planning tools help you change your financial situation? Describe changes you can forge in at least three areas. Personal financial planning helps you create a steadfast future and improve helps create a stable future and improve your financial status by creating a plan that lets you save and invest your currency so that it can start working for you. A comprehensive financial plan can enhance the quality of your life and increase satisfaction by reducing uncertainly about your future needs and resources. The advantages of personal financial planning can 1. Increase effectiveness in obtaining, using, and protecting your financial resources passim your lifetime. Secondly, increase control of your financial affairs by avoiding excessive debt, bankruptcy and dependence on others for economic security. Lastly, improve personal relationships resulting from well planes and effectively communicated financial decisions. A sense of freedom from fina ncial worries obtained by looking to the future, anticipating expenses, and achieving your personal economic goals.2.Explain the life cycle of financial plans and their role in achieving your financial goals. monetary and personal satisfaction is the result of an organized process that is commonly referred to as personal money management or personal financial planning. Personal financial planning is the process of managing your money to achieve personal satisfaction. Every person, family or household has a unique financial position, and any financial activity so must also be carefully planned to meet specific needs and goals. To achieve these and other goals, people need to identify and set priorities.3.Discuss the reasons for the changes in your goals and how youll need to adapt your financial plans as a result. For many families, one of the biggest sources of disagreements and aggravation is the subject of family financial planning. Before I became a mom I planned on vindicator y having fun, shopping all the time and taking road trips but the reason for the changes in my goal is because I have a daughter now I have to think about her and not just myself. Having control of my finances means a lot more than just getting control of money. It means getting a handle on my habits both thinking and spending as well as my short and unyielding term goals. I need toadapt my financial plans by building new habits, reducing sift, controlling my spending and aligning priorities.4.How should you use this information to make personal financial and biography planning decision? After reading the current and projected trends with regard to the GDP growth, unemployment, and inflation. I plan to finance sagely and not spend money all crazy without a care in the world. I have a family now and I dont want my daughter to struggle like I have too. As for my career I plan to have short and long term goals. I dont expect to stay in one field, I always had the mindset to where I want to expand and explore different career path. I know things happen and the economy can be pretty messed up and I dont want to end up dead and have to stress about finding a new job so I plan to go beyond the dream I am chasing. However, just in case I was to end jobless smartly financial planning is a good thing to do because I can have money already in the bank and be able to pay my bills without going into debt. No one likes to struggle because all it does is cause stress and problems, so I plan to stay on the right track and that is continuing going to school and providing a stable life for my family.

Produce a document of customer guidelines Essay

Produce a document of customer guideposts to help maintain a safe, secure and hygienic sports environment, including methods of distribution and evaluation.Write an assessment and analysis of the effectiveness of the promotional material and make suggestions for suitable changes and amendments.Customer Guidelines1. No food or drink in the middle schoolIf customers were happily eating food in the gym the smell could put other customers gain their maneuver starts. Especially the rattling wad who are in the gym for that very reason Food. The last thing someone trying to feature fitter rents is to be working out bordering to someone eating a sausage roll. If such practices were allowed in the gym it would also bring voltaic pile the overall reputation of the gym which no charabanc wants. Also if a customer is eating greasy food this could transfer onto the equipment which could be both unhygienic and unpleasant for other customers.This signpost is needed for hygiene purpos es mainly. Food and the gym dont mix well and it is good to keep them both separate. This guideline is also in place to avoid litter around the gym, if food was allowed no doubt on that point would be litter which an employee would switch to go around picking up.2. No running by the poolside compassIf you run by a poolside you run the risk of slipping over and injuring yourself.This is an important guideline as it keeps the customers safe. As well as the customers safety the guideline is there for the leisure centres own safety, its reputation. If a customer was to slip and injure themselves, they could easily sue the leisure centre saying there was no guideline such as a poster telling them non to run by the poolside. The leisure centre could be sued or in a worst case scenario be shut down.3. No diving into the poolThis guideline is in place to stop deal injuring themselves by attempting goosey head first dives and hitting their heads on the bottom of the pool. As amusing i s it seems it could have ruinous repercussions for a leisure centre should this happen.As with above this is a safety guideline. It is important because diving can be dangerous. It can apply to the pr flushtion of a possible suing. If the guideline is implemented through posters the public have no excuse if they injure themselves.4. No hummer on the premisesIn a gym there will be plenty of people who will take tallyence to someone smoking.A leisure centre cannot allow smoking in gym, the first think that comes to my mind is that someone smoking in a gym doesnt exactly give off an air of Healthy. This isnt the sort of environment a manager of a gym wants. Once smoking is allowed in gyms instructors may as well encourage people to have a bite of a kebab among reps. This guideline is implement because smokers are stupid enough to want smoking allowed in the gyms As I mentioned earlier there are a voltaic pile of non-smokers that go to the gym who seriously wouldnt appreciate a smo ke filled gym. Having a non-smoking gym will give an air of professionalism and attract customers that largely want to get fit.5. Showers essential be used before entering the poolThis is a matter of hygiene, a sweaty person who has just been to the gym or someone who is generally unclean shouldnt enter the pool without showering.This guideline is put down for hygiene reasons again. True there is chlorine in the pee which is a good anti bacterial and germ killer, but it is no excuse for people who have just left the sauna or gym to leave a trail of their excess dirt and grease into the pool.6. Customers must not use weights prior to inductionThis guideline is there to prevent customers from injuring themselves as well as causing damage to the machinery and others.Without this guideline I am pretty sure there would be a lot of injuries in the gym. quite often when you go to the gym you will see newbies with delusions of grandeur, they go straight for the heaviest weights and pump them like theres no tomorrow, no doubt with visions of looking like Arnold Schwarzenegger. It is imperative that new inductees are shown and trained on different equipment by a qualified member of staff.7. No children beneath the age of 11 are allowed in the pool unless accompanied by an adult.This is an important safety guideline as there are some very irresponsible mothers and fathers in this world who would let their children into a pool whilst not realising what standard of swimming their children are at. A lifeguard can only do so much and isnt a telepath tic so cannot tell if a child is a strong or weak swimmer. This is a good guideline because it keeps children safe and forces mums and dads to be responsible. Once again having this guideline saves the leisure centre from being sued if this guideline wasnt there and the lifeguard could not save a childs life the leisure centre would be in serious trouble.8. Please wear the correct footwearIf correct footwear is not used seri ous or minor injuries can occur. It is important to raise this point as there are a lot of people out there foolish enough to go to the gym in incorrect footwear. For those that didnt go what type of footwear to wear the guideline will apologise it to them possibly helping them with their performance.Employee guidelines1. Wear the correct uniform and clothingThis is important as an employees dress code should reflect the companys image. As a reflection of the companys image an employee has a responsibility to wear clean, correct uniform. They are on the social movementline and if a customer has a boot they would rather be approached by a smartly dressed employee. From the start of their quarrel they are less likely to have a go at a smartly dressed person rather than a worn one. A scruffy employee would be perceived as someone who doesnt handle and as a reflection of the leisure centre a customer sees the employee as the company itself. What I am trying to get at is that if th e employee is scruffy consequently so is the company.2. Arrive to work on sentenceIt is important to be punctual to work as it can set a bad example to other employees around you. If one employee is consistently late and getting away with it, others start to look and think to themselves Well it wont cut to be five minutes late if he/she is getting away with it. Also if you arrive late they are not getting work make which they are being p assist to do and almost likely others around them are covering and doing their work for them, this is bad teamwork.3. Staff should know fire proceduresIt is provable that management need to make sure that all their employees know all the fire procedures. This will keep both the employees and customers safe. If certain employees do not know or understand all the fire procedures they themselves are at risk as well as the customers. A leisure centre would leave themselves liable for suing if It was found out that a fire drill went bad due to sta ff not knowing fire procedures.4. Employees must know first aidFirst of as well as having qualified first aid personnel there needs to be a 150 proportion of first aiders to the amount of people in the building. For very much the same reasons as the fire procedures, this guideline would protect customers, the employees, as well as protect against possible suing. It is a must need guideline as injuries sustained in gyms and leisure centres are legion(predicate) and it must be ensured all these injuries are taken care of quickly and efficiently.5. Check equipment regularly so that it is safe for customers useThis guideline helps prevent injuries to customers. seemingly accidents can happen but if regular break dances are done you can slim the chances of injury. It will encourage regular maintenance checks and ensure that employees look for unreserved things like wear and tear or loose wires that people could trip over. It is an important guideline because it makes sure that the e mployees have to consider the risks of the equipment and think of measure to check and prevent these risks.6. When treating a customer ones manner and attitude must be calm and conservativeWhen dealing with customers it is important to give off a good impression. If they ask you a simple question for example, it is good to be attentive to what they are saying. An aura needs to be given off that pervais an interest in what they are saying. If a customer comes up with a complaint and are perhaps rude it is important that an employee can keep their dispassionate and not snap back. A situation is far more likely to be rectified if the employee is calm and composed, that way they can calm the customer down and help them to understand and fix or help with whatever problem they have. As I have said before the employees are on the front lines and whatever aura they give of the customers effects the company (leisure centre or gym) as a whole.7. No smoking on the premisesThe smoking guidelin e needs to work both ways. You cant very well have a customer guideline saying no smoking and then have your employees casually smoking away. This is an important guideline for the same reason as the customers. You cant have people coming to the gym sightedness employees smoking away, customers may find it off put especially if they are smokers and it doesnt set a good example. Again it would put off putting non-smokers as well especially ex-smokers who will represent a large client base. The atmosphere has to be that of a healthy one. If a customer must smoke an area needs to be made off premises where they can relieve themselves.8. Treat other staff with respectAt work it is important that there is a good atmosphere within the workforce as well as a high standard of moral. This starts with all the employees treating for each one other with respect. You cant have a members of staff disrespecting each other a workplace needs discipline. This is a guideline that shouldnt need to b e upheld but sometimes it does. It is important as staff should have a comfortable environment to work so that they can efficiently get on with their work, the last thing an employee needs is having another member of staff on their mind whilst trying to work.Methods of distribution and evaluation on that point were a few methods of possible distribution, including-* posters* videos* leaflets* word of mouth* lectures/speeches* E-mailIf I was trying to distribute my customer guidelines I think I would go for a big, bold, eye catching poster. I would want to make them numerous around my gym/leisure centre so that there would be no escaping them. As well as that I would go with Videos, these are virtually inescapable as they can be positioned directly in front of various set machines. Leaflets are far too easy for customers to cut down. the majority would screw them up. Word of mouth shows a lack of effort rattling, very blunt, plus it would be time consuming to go through each cust omer guideline as well as explaining them. A lecture or speech would be pointless most people dont have the time or the patience to sit through one. Most people are no it alls and most likely feel they would not have to sit through a customer guidelines speech.E-mails are unreliable I feel, they can easily be regarded as junk mail and are easily ignored. E-mails are not in your face like a poster or a video. When distributing my information that is what Im looking for a in your face Escape this if you can approach. With both videos and posters being used it will be hard for someone to ignore. With the employee guidelines I feel I could only go for a speech a rousing one ala Gladiator or an Alex Ferguson speech where I can really hit home and make my employees understand what I am trying to get through to them. Any other method they can just ignore and it will show a lack of conviction from the employer. You cant beat a face to face conversation to get your point across.As for my eva luation the only method that I would choose to use is a questionnaire. With a questionnaire you can get straight to the point and ask what questions you feel need to be asked. The responses are gathered in a standardised way, so questionnaires are more objective, certainly more so than just asking people their opinion via talking to them. Generally it is relatively quick to collect information using a questionnaire. However in some situations they can take a long time not only to design but also to apply and analyse. But potentially information can be collected from a large amount of people.Some other advantages to a question are-* Questionnaires are very cost effective when compared to face-to-face interviews. Written questionnaires become even more cost effective as the number of research questions increases.* Questionnaires are easy to analyse. Data entry and tabulation for nearly all surveys can be easily done with many computer software packages.* Questionnaires are familiar to most people. Nearly everyone has had some experience completing questionnaires and they generally do not make people apprehensive.* Questionnaires reduce bias. There is uniform question presentation and no middle-man bias. The researchers own opinions will not influence the answerer to answer questions in a certain manner. There are no verbal or visual clues to influence the responder.* Questionnaires are less intrusive than telephone set or face-to-face surveys. When a respondent receives a questionnaire in the mail, he is free to complete the questionnaire on his own time-table. Unlike other research methods, the respondent is not interrupted by the research instrument.

B. F. Skinner and Behavior Conditioning

Behavior teach is viewed as a significant psychopathological influence that extends beyond the notion of psychoanalysis and sexual psychology. Burrhus Frederic mule sk versed (1904-1990) considers the concept of conditioning as comprehensive type of learning wherein behavioural changes are manipulated rather than intrinsically stimulated. According to the article of Moore (2002), doings conditioning of skinner gives get hold to two primary components (1) the biological foundation of behavior manipulation through hormonal systems and other physiologic relations (e. g. neurologic functioning, genetic relationships, etc.), and (2) the occurrence of the behavioral event. Behavior conditioning is the indirect manipulation of activities in order to elicit a behavioral response or behavioral pattern. B. F. mule skinners intellect of behavior conditioning revolves in his concept of Operant Conditioning, which is a type of learning process wherein stimulation of behaviors illicit behav ioral modifications. According to the article of ODonohue and Plaud (1994), Skinners behavioral conditioning involves a mutual relationship between the strengthening and weakening effects rendered by surroundal consequences.The mutual relationship between (1) reinforcement and (2) punishment is directed by a stimulus control. According to B. F. Skinner, human beings behavior is not a simple machine-like product of a stimulus, but is something dynamic, changing and in flux, as the environment is in influx. Behavior conditioning of B. F. Skinner, indeed, constitutes environmental reinforcements and punishments that set the behavioral trends of a human being. reciprocation Behavioral ConditioningThe psychological activities sustaining behavior in an individualistic are said to be dynamic, ever changing and mutually linked with the extraneous forces of the human environment. Skinner has observed early on that a large part of our behavior is not automatically elicited by an unconditi oned stimulus. According to Moore (2002), the concept of behavioral conditioning is associated to the process of survival wherein a human being is directed to a specific pattern of behavior in order to foster adaptation towards the changing environment.Skinners operant conditioning can be viewed as a diverse behavioral process that evolves and influences the individuals survival during its lifetime by facilitating the adaptation towards the environment (Moore, 2002). The consequence behavior is the result of the individuals port of adaptation towards the environment. In the process of the individuals adaptation, the environment in turn acts back on the behavior and on the individual both are changed as a result of reciprocal behavior-environment interchange (Skinner, 1953).According to Burgess (1997), Skinners idea of behavior conditioning comprises of three perceivable components that explain to the process of behavioral modification. These elements are (1) the inner activities of behavior, (2) nature of inner behavior, and (3) the role of the environment. interior(a) activities include the cognitive processes and activities (e. g. thinking, problem solving, decision-making, etc. ) that an individual performs prior to the adaptation of behavior.Meanwhile, the nature of inner behavior is assessed whether the individuals behavioral change is ascribable to the evolution of society or external environment ( phyletic) or genetically acquired (ontogenetic). Lastly, the environment facilitates the learning atmosphere that reinforces the permanent change of behavior in the individual (Burgess, 1997). In application of this theoretical proposition, the behavioral transformation of 12-year old that initiates a determent behavior at school is first established by an inner assessment of self and environment.The child analyzes the capacity of his strength over the others in the class, and then further internalizes the nature of his preferred action. Reinforcers of thi s behavior can either be other classmates influencing him to bully others or his intrinsic psychological desire to bully others. In a well-appropriate environment where the subject is regarded as the strongest, the chance of producing a bullying behavior to 12-year old boy is more likely (Burgess, 1997 O Donohue and Plaud 1994).As for the analysis above, behavior conditioning is therefore affected by three major components, to wit (1) the inner self, (2) the environment and (3) the process of behavioral adaptation. However, according to Moore (2002), another contributing factor to consider is the biological foundation of behavior. In Moores (2002) argument derived from Skinners behavioral conditioning, the influence of hormonal and genetic compositions is another perspective of behavior modifications.The science of behavior is concerned with behavior directly selected according to phylogenic contingencies, via familial genetic mechanisms (Moore 2002). The contributions of genetics to causal behavioral events are said to be due to the sensitivity of nervous function to environmental stimulation. Skinner suggests that some behaviors magisterial in an individual are not externally fostered, rather elicited only by the environment or other forms of reinforcements (Moore 2002). Components of Behavior Conditioning B. F.Skinners view of behavioral conditioning comprises of diverse factors, specifically (1) the material environment during the lifetime of the individual organism (Moore 2002), (2) inner activities and nature of a behavior phylogenetic (Moore 2002 Burgess 1997), (3) the Gene-Behavior relationship (Moore 2002), and (4) the reciprocal behavior-environment interchange (O Donohue and Plaud 1994). In these four contributing factors of behavior conditioning, Skinner, in his operant conditioning, has proposed two essential balancing components (1) positive reinforcements (rewards), and (2) ban reinforcements (punishments).Operant conditioning involves the f unctional relationships between behavior events and environmental events. Consequent behaviors can be demonstrated by systematic and controlled changes in the environment. To Skinner, there are three-term eventuality that exemplifies the relationship among antecedents, behavior and consequences. Most activities that human beings perform socially provide the context for other people to react according to these activities in one way or another thereby, initiating consequences of behavior.Such principle is also true in terms of physical environment through the presence of reinforcements, specifically reward systems and punishments. According to Skinner, behavior is governed to some degree by reinforcement, which can be organized in endless variety of ways according to reinforcements and punishments. In addition by Moore (2002), reinforcements largely depend on the environmental settings and the behavioral nature stick in in the individual. Negative and positive reinforcements act a s the behavior leverages that manipulates an individuals behavior.According to O Donohue and Plaud (1994), behavior conditioning and the basic elements of reinforcements and punishments are defined as the Law of Effect responsible for manipulating both desired and undesired behavioral practices. The main wildness of behavior modification is to reinforce behaviors that are valuable, and negate those behavioral patterns that are not appropriate. In operant conditioning, the individuals behavior operates on the environment and determines the occurrence of reinforcements as contingent to the behavioral conditioning.According to Moore (2002), reinforcements are interrelated to the individuals survival and adaptation. Operant conditioning occurs when the probability of a response in the presence of an antecedent stimulus increases because of the prior consequences of the response in the presence of the stimulus in question (Moore 2002). Skinners view of behavioral conditioning identifies covert, implicit or private events as contributing factors to the mutual relationship between stimuli and the influence on behavior response. Conclusion In conclusion of the study, B.F. Skinner in his idea of behavioral conditioning emphasizes behavior as a consequence of the relationship between environment and behavioral events. Conditioning behaviors is facilitated by manipulating the external reinforcements, specifically reward systems and/or punishments, derived from the different contributing factors. Behavior conditioning revolves in various contributing factors, namely (1) the inner and nature of behavior, (2) physical environment, (3) biochemical processes of behavior, and (4) reciprocal behavior-environment interchange.Consequent behaviors are product of the individuals adaptation in his environment as a form of survival mechanism. References Jensen, R. , & Burgess, H. (1997). Mythmaking how introductory psychology texts present B. F. Skinners analysis of cognition. Journ al of Psychological Record, 47, 221-227. Moore, J. (2002). Some Thoughts on the Relation between Behavior Analysis and Behavioral Neuroscience. Journal of Psychological Record, 52, 261-266. ODonohue, W. , & Plaud, J. (1994). The Conditioning of Human sexual Arousal. Journal of Sexual Behavior, 23, 221-228.

Border Security

Security our border is essential to securing the homeland. The country faces a different set of challenges with non-Mexicans who are caught crossing the border criminally. Mexican illegal immigrants are initially detained when they are apprehended. The problem is that the detention facilities do not submit enough room for accommodation. As a result, close four of every vanadium non-Mexican illegal immigrants that are caught are released in society and asked to return for a court date. When the date arrives, about 75 percent of those released do not confront up at the court.In 2004, only 30,000 of the 160,000 non-Mexicans were sent home for being caught coming across the southwest. (http//www. whitehouse. gov/news/releases/2005/11/20051128-7. html) The practice of catch and release had been the organisations policy for decades. It was an unwise policy and the government has plans to end it. To athletic supporter end catch and release, there is need to increase the capacity in the detention facilities. The death chair signed a legislation supported by members of the Arizona delegation in 2005 to increase the number of beds in detention facilities.One of the most effective tools the government has in this effort is a process called expedited removal. Under expedited removal, non-Mexicans are detailed and placed into streamlined proceedings. It allows the government to deport them at an average of 32 days, most three times faster than usual. In other words, the government is cutting through bureaucracy. The program was so successful that the defense secretary expanded it al up and down the border. (http//www. whitehouse. gov/news/releases/2005/11/20051128-7. html)Since 2001, the government has hired 1900 new ring patrol agents. The agents are being helped by deployment of technologies. Technology helps an individual need freehandeder reach and more effectiveness. When agents can take advantage of cutting edge equipment like overhead surveillance drone s and infrared cameras, they can do a come apart job for everyone. In Tucson agents on the ground are directing unmanned aerial technology in the sky, and they are acting rapidly on illegal immigration or illegal activities they may see from the drones.Since these unmanned flights began, agents have intercepted a lot of drugs on the border that otherwise and people that otherwise have made it through. (http//www. whitehouse. gov/news/releases/2005/11/20051128-7. html) US spending on military and police aid to Mexico has more than tripled to $57. 8 million with the hope that it will help protect Americas southern flank. The draw down of National watch over troops along the US-Mexican border should be stopped or ersatz border tribute improvements provided because of problems with a high-tech virtual fence project.Project 28 project, a 28-mile array of radars and surveillance cameras near sasabo, indicate that broad performance of a virtual fence along the nations southern border wont happen soon. Project 28 is part of a national plan to secure the US Mexico border with physical barriers and high-tech detention capabilities. (Carl B, 2007) Curbing illegal immigration and security the nearly 2,000 mile, (3,200-kilometer) south westbound border are hot topics in this US election year. Washington has pledged to complete 67 miles (1,070 kilometers) of new barriers by the close of 2008, despite opposition from landowners and environmentalists.Based on along standing relationship of cooperation and mutual assistance, US customs and Border Protection (CBP) and the General Customs Administration of Mexico (GCAM) have begun the implementation of those follow through items designed to guarantee the secure and efficient flow of trade between the two nations. (Carl B, 2007) For purposes of developing and implementing initiative identified in the US/Mexico Border confederation Plan, CBP and GCAM have created special working groups the Border working Group, the Enforc ement Working Group and the Technology and Customs Procedures Working Group.These groups have been working on a broad range of initiatives namely 1. Extending and harmonizing the service hours in coordination with the trade communities, at the entry ports located at the common border. 2. Ensuring the Advanced Passenger Information System in Mexico is implemented. This will help collect and share data concerning air passengers arriving to and departing from United States and Mexico. 3. Deploying gamma ray machines at our railroad crossings. 4. Exchanging core data on every transaction occurring through the common border in an electronic environment.5. testing and implementing new technologies for instance electronic seals 6. Fraudulent trade investigations should be conducted jointly. This has led to solid seizures of undervalued and illegally transshipped goods. 7. Devolving systems to monitor in-transit shipments through our territories. 8. Seizing illegal cash transported by air passengers. (http//www. dhs. gov/xnews/releases/press_release_0137. shtm. ) The Mexican border fence that was approved by President bush in October 2006 is now complete, but accolades for the project are few and far between.The secure fence Act, which was touted by Republicans as a major border security initiative in the weeks leading up to the 2006, mid-term elections is now viewed by many as a fiasco of the first order. The fence is only two and a half feet high and people argue that it cannot stop illegal immigrants. The Mexican border fence as completed is a roughly 30 pass on high barrier built primarily of wooden stakes and chicken wire. Chicken wire could not be provided for the entire length of the fence referable to budget constraints.These portions therefore consist only of wooden fence posts driven into the ground roughly every twelve feet with small-hand written in between objective the words security fence). (Carl B, 2007) Governor Janet Napolitano on Wednesday March 08 ordered more National Guardsmen posted at the Mexican border to help stop illegal immigrants and curb related crimes. National Guard troops have worked at the border since 1988, but Napolitano signed and order authorizing commanders to station an unspecified number of redundant soldiers there to help federal agents.Once the funding is approved, the troops will monitor crossing points, assist with cargo inspection and operate surveillance cameras, according to the order. virtually 170 national Guardsmen are already posted at the nations busiest illegal entry point, where they assist with communications, fence construction and antidrug efforts. (Carl B, 2007) For the last four years, the crisis at the southern border has not improved. Today, approximately the same number of illegal crossings occurs on the southern border as occurred four years ago.That averages about 5,000 illegal crossing per day and approximately 5 million illegal crossings. In a post 9/11 world this is unacce ptable. (http//www. lenmunsil. com/BorderMunsil. pdf. ) The government should nowadays deploy the Arizona National Guard and assign it the mission of security Arizonas southern border working cooperatively with US Border Patrol and ongoing operation Jump start. The Governor is authorized under A. R. S Sec-26-172 to mobilize all or any part of the National Guard when the Governor proclaims an emergency or deems it necessary to protect lives or property.It should also adjudicate funding to create the Arizona Border Patrol as a division of the Department of Public Safety-Law enforcement will play a significant role in safeguarding Arizona from ongoing effects of illegal immigration. (http//www. lenmunsil. com/BorderMunsil. pdf. ) It should also seek funding to deploy radar technology to the entire length of Arizonas southern border, complementing current Border Patrol efforts and covering those areas that are shortly unprotected.Additional resources should also be provided to law enf orcement, the courts and all necessary components for the criminal justice system to process illegal aliens quickly and move them out of the state system. (http//www. lenmunsil. com/BorderMunsil. pdf. ) file name extension Carl Braun. 2007. Above all Else. The Minute man Struggle to Secure Americas Borders. http//www. whitehouse. gov/news/releases/2005/11/20051128-7. html. Retrieved on13th March 2008 http//www. dhs. gov/xnews/releases/press_release_0137. shtm. Retrieved on 13th March 2008 http//www. lenmunsil. com/BorderMunsil. pdf. Retrieved on 13th March 2008.

New Jersey Revenue Reform

In his area of the State quarrel, Governor Corzine identified five broad areas of gross re lay down in New Jersey, i.e., pensions and benefits, shared services, debt reduction, modernization of the revenue enhancement structure, and sustainability. The centerpiece of the direct topographic point impose relief is the tax credits in the form of 20%, 15%, and 10%, depending on the amount of income per household. Governor Corzine was explicit about this in his speech.He was equally explicit in stating that for the tax credit system to work, there must be a solid, concrete source of funding. For this, he pointed out the sales tax revenues and the redirected homestead rebates impart supply the first influx of financing. As for the succeeding years, the balance is proposed to come from the following 1) cost savings achieved through regular and independent auditing by a new, nonpolitical state restrainer 2) consolidations and shared services 3) collective bargaining on pension and he alth benefits 4) asset monetization designed to reduce the states credit card payments and provide the substance to touch on capital investments in the future of the state and 5) 4% cap on the increase in the property tax levy, claimed to be the key for sustainability of the tax credit system. Each of these is supposed to contri merelye to the sustainability of the reform program, with the cap and the credit working off each other to attain the goal.Reacting to the speech, Assembly Minority attraction Alex DeCroce express that sadly, after five years of Democrat control, the state of our state has never been worse. The toxic mix of high property taxes, public corruption, a upsurge of debt, wasteful state spending and anti-economic growth policies are making New Jersey unaffordable for middle class families (The Associated Press 2007).Superficially, Governor Corzines recommendations seem to be nothing more than political grandstanding, since all 120 legislative seats are slated for elections this year. Clunn (2006) points out that in 2005, State House representatives promised to enact real property tax reforms by year-end of 2006, with no results. The recommendations of the State House were effectively countered by the Governors apparent desire to negotiate benefits reforms rather than make tax cuts, something that the State House representatives endeavored to get approved for five months.Corzines actions since his election have lead to the creation of a blogspot on the internet, called NJ pecuniary Folly, where citizens voice out their criticisms against the Governor. M some(prenominal) individuals reacted negatively to the raising of sales taxes from 6% to 7%, the refusal of essential state spending reforms, and the addition of $270 Million to the Governors already significant pork (NJ Fiscal Folly 2006).For the bloggers, any talk about setting aside a portion of the tax increase is exclusively blather, nothing more than lipstick on the pig (NJ Fiscal Folly 2006). More so when paired with the proposed alternative calculate for 2007, which embarrassd barely any spending cuts, save for a lower contribution to the pension system, and the Governors threat to shut down state government unless(prenominal) the legislature approves his proposed budget (NJ Fiscal Folly 2006). The sales tax increase was supposed to supply $1.2 Billion in revenues for the government.There are a few people, however, that are trying to life past the politics and are objectively assessing whether or not the proposals are actually feasible or if they leave behind produce the desired results. Senator Gormley, a Republican, thinks that the speech given by the Governor gave a matter-of-fact outline of what needs to be done, but it remains to be seen whether or not it will be done (Rispoli 2007), since talk of revenue reform has been just that, talk, for the past half a decade, with New Jerseys property tax credit at double the nationwide rate. Hester (2007) reports that legislators are hoping to have the new tax system of property tax credits in place before the bills go out this summer, which are checks mailed to homeowners as tax relief.Others reacted more constructively to the Governors empowered speech, such as William G. Dressel, Jr. Executive managing director of the New Jersey State League of Municipalities. Dressel (2006) applauded some of the proposed reforms while rejecting others, but stated that the recommendations will generally help to limit future pension and benefits costs. afterwards a preliminary analysis of the proposed recommendations, Dressel (2006) pointed out that there are certain things lacking therein which the special session needs to provide for, such as the nubsome relationship between the real property tax payers and the members of the Police and Firemens Retirement System, and the enforcement of the moratorium on new benefits. Dressel (2006) rejected outright the proposal to banishment dual elective of fice holding and the tying a portion of property tax relief funding to adherence with the Efficiency Commission.He also commented that with pry to the original recommendation by the governor on shared services, there seemed to be a deviation in the course being taken by the special session. He pointed out that thus far, there were no recommendations on debt reduction and no specific provisions for sustainability, and that the proposals to modernize the tax system were deficient in supplying a funding source for the changes sought, specifically the tax credit system reducing residential property taxes by 20%.Hester (2007) reports that this 20% cut would require $2 Billion per annum and be funded by money introductoryly allocated for property tax rebates and sales tax revenue, with the government relying on the previous years excess sales tax revenue to serve as initial funding, but with the need to find $400 Million more each year to fund the tax cut past the current year.Caslande r (2007) opines that with the proposed changes, New Jersey would be better of changing its name from the Garden State to the Tax Capital. Treating the proposals as being analogous to finding free cheese in a mouse trap, Caslander (2007) believes that the solutions will alleviate the line of work only for a short term, but that the problem will remain, and in effect, the current proposed solutions will only end up compounding the problem, because the solution involves granting tax relief now but providing for its funding later.Rebovich (2006), after the first special session, commented that perhaps an noble-minded real property tax reform program would involve an extension of the sales tax, an increase in income tax rates, and savings from benefit reductions, as in effect, the burden would be shared or distributed among different people, and the personal effects on business and the economy would not be so harsh.Considering that the Governors state of the state speech cannot be expe cted to expound solely the mechanics of the proposed reform, that could perhaps account for the lack of details as to how the proposed changes will work. At first glance, the proposals seem to conform to Rebovichs picture of what would be an ideal real property tax reform program to alleviate the current situation in New Jersey. Both public and private sectors are affected, and it seems that the burden is spread out. However, there are inactive many things that need to be addressed.For example, how exactly will the tax credit system work? How much will it take to develop the system and install it in place of the current system? How will the new system be funded in order to be put in place? These questions are as important as determining where the funding for the credits themselves will be taken. Without concrete plans for the working and implementation of the credit system, it will definitely not work, and the reforms desired will not be attained.Also, what will be the cost of im plementing a new system of auditing? And what tackle is there that the new state comptroller will be, as he is described nonpolitical? What about consolidation and shared services? The Governor stated that this area needs some review, but there must be a specific set of rules or criteria to help determine which areas or branches should be consolidated, and which should remain independent, as headspring as which particular services should be shared. As for reduction of pension and health benefits, is there potential liability on the part of the state for those who claim a vested right to the value of the benefits they receive, especially with respect to pension and retirement benefits of those who have been receiving them for years? Spreading the burden of salaried for the proposed reforms is a good idea, but is it just? What if the state ends up spending more because of litigation? Then the expenses would merely be redirected elsewhere, but the burden would still be heavy for a l ot of people. The idea of banning dual elective office holding is a good idea, whatever curtailing effects it major power seem to have on the right of suffrage of the electorate.Public office is a public trust, and from the person in office should be expected no less than the duty of utmost fidelity and loyalty to the people he represents. The tendency in holding dual offices is that the efforts of the public officer will be divided, and the attribute of his services might be diminished. As for Dressels arguments against the Efficiency Commission, perhaps a set of rules to govern the proceedings and determinations made by the Commission, as well as a mode of appeal or review of its determinations, would be enough of a safeguard against the danger of subjectivity pointed out.Objectively, the recommendations given are feasible, but more work needs to be put in fine tuning the plans and executing them. The cooperation of everyone is needed instead of blindly criticizing, constructive comments and active employment can make the proposals for reform work.Reference ListDressel Jr., William G. Legislators Havent Gone Far Enough For Taxpayers. 23 November 2006. 12 January 2006. http//www.app.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=2006611230369Hester J., Tom. Corzine Time is without delay For Property Relief. Courier Post Online. 9 January 2007. 12 January 2007. http//www.courierpostonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070109/NEWS01The Associated Press. Reaction to Corzines Speech. 9 January 2007. 12 January 2007. http//www.courierpostonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=200770109023Rispoli, Michael. Corzine Reiterates Need For Pension, health Care System Reforms. Courier Post Online. 9 January 2007. 12 January 2007. http//www.courierpostonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070109/NEWS01Hester Jr., Tom. Democrats See New Deadline for Tax Reform, Hope System Will be in Place Before Bills Go Out This Summer. Daily Record. 11 January 2007. 12 january 2007. http//www.dai lyrecord.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=2007601110373Caslander, Thomas Paine. New Jersey Should Change Its soubriquet from the Garden State to the Tax Capital. 10 January 2007. 12 January 2007. http//www.thedailyjournal.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=2007701100329Clunn, Nicholas. Hopes For Tax Reform Crashed and Burned. Courier Post Online. 27 December 2006. 12 January 2006. http//www.courierpostonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20061227/NEWS01/612270446/-1/ARCHIVESBlogger. NJ Fiscal Folly. 8 July 2006. 12 January 2007. http//njfiscalfolly.blogspot.com/Rebovich, David P. Political Interests and Economic Reality Clash at Special Session. 2 rattling(a) 2006. 12 January 2007. http//politics.nexcess.net/rebovich/2006/08/political_interests_and_econom.html

Services Oriented Architecture Is the Future

function Oriented Architecture is the Future The current buzz word in the Information Technology world is Service-oriented Architecture, also cognise as SO. Businesses be increasingly becoming interested in implementing SO and are reluctant to adopt what might appear to be a silver bullet due to the complexities involved in this hot new business model. Granted, SO is a new complex approach to building IT systems but it takes advantage of the companies existing assets qualification it an attractive option that forget improve their current computer software architecture.SO has many benefits for businesses and if the inundation is implemented properly it represents huge make up savings in the software life cycle. Software architects should understand the concepts of SO along with the recommended shell practices and standards for implementing a well structured architecture model to place if SO is the right solution for their business. A thoughtful, organized approach to effort SO enables companies to implement, adapt and reuse business processes with unprecedented speed and ease.To enjoy the opportunities that enterprise SO delivers, companies need an open, flexible technology platform to integrate best practices and third-party solutions. In addition, they need business-focused, reusable enterprise go. When companies can design serve that are reusable across the enterprise, as well as in different regional organizations and across departmental lines, they achieve an increased efficiency and productivity that in turn results in the ability to rapidly innovate with differentiating services to drive additional business success. (SAP accelerates the path to SO for customers, 2008) Many solutions are available to companies that pull off complex network services which use well known standards and technologies hat have been working in the business for a long season so business leaders may discount SO as a new fad without understanding exactly what SO real ly is. Taking time to learn about this new method of doing business is strongly advised to the architects responsible for companies IT infrastructure so they can make an informed finding regarding how they will do business in the future and if SO would be a good option for them.Service-oriented Architecture is an infrastructure that hosts web services to support software get hold ofments. Legacy covers and services are dad available as a web service that can be accessed using a plebeian application interface. These service oriented concepts can be applied to business, software and other types of legacy systems. SO uses an easy to implement approach to developing IT systems that enables application interoperability and reuse of IT assets. As much(prenominal), it enables business to offer services with existing applications that are supported by new technology rather than constrained by old legacy technology.SO is the framework that enables a business to change, adapt, partner, and reinvent it itself easily by decoupling systems making them independent of their peer reverie. Many businesses have an infrastructure that consists of various applications offering services that run on a wide variety of technology which dont all work together. Global enterprises tend to suffer the most from this blend of various platforms such as UNIX, Linux, Windows, or mainframe systems that use different languages like . NET, JOKE, Java, C/C++, or COBOL..IT managers are concerned about the represent and time take to remodel these services onto a common platform is to much and are hesitant to introduce a new business model that will require restructuring the foundation architecture. Fortunately with SO for each one application doesnt have to change the current platform they are working on, rather they would create Web Services that are allowed access to the current systems and then publish the web service so other applications can consume the service using a common interfa ce. Web services provide a standard meaner of interpretation between different software applications, running on a variety of platforms and/or frameworks. A Web service is a software system designed to support interoperable machine-to- machine interaction over a network. It has an interface described in a machine- resalable format (specifically WSDL). Other systems interact with the Web service in a manner prescribed by its description using SOAP messages, typically conveyed by using HTTP with an XML serialization in conjunction with other Web-related standards. (Zane & Abaca, 2006) In a SO implementation, Web Services act like building blocks where each block is a service that is linked to a business task, business object, or workflow. Because all of the building blocks fit together, you can assemble and reassemble them on the fly. Managing information across disparate systems is a constant challenge for all systems but SO tends to highlight the robbers related to duplicated or un defined data that isnt standardized, making data mapping very difficult and time consuming.In order to have a reliable infrastructure model, resources must be dedicated to the task of defining, standardizing, and maintaining the data that is used in all of the services that are offered. SO uses a standard business object model to easily define the data for services called a Business Object Document (SOD). A BODY is a business document that is exchanged between software components and provides a common messaging architecture. It provides the document structure and naming standards that are used o define and map meta-data to the XML documents which ensures both the publisher and subscriber can understand the content.By understanding the concepts behind SO and how web services and data management are used software architects are able to analyze their current systems and make an informed decision on the value SO would have for the business. Many benefits exist to companies that impleme nt a well planned Service-oriented Infrastructure. Interoperability can be found throughout the enterprise, triplex user groups, multiple business processes, multiple application styles, and multiple delivery channels with the use of SO. Flexibility is greatly increased to adapt to business subprogram changes increasing the time to implement new services.Web Services reuse low-level components as well as high-level business services decreasing the cost of system management. Integrating disparate systems with a solution that is platform independent reduces the need to restructure the current infrastructure while still allowing the systems to work together in harmony. Service-oriented Architectures good reputation in the information technology industry is growing at a rapid rate making it the software architects best choice when faced with the task of implementing business integration technology and is highly recommended for companies that need to streamline their business workflow.

Talent Acquisition Strategies for the 21st Century.

In the past five years, we have gotten a taste of what is going to feel like in a market where there atomic number 18 simply non enough qualified community to fill jobs needed to be filled. The recent downturn has caused organizations to stop many another(prenominal) of the programs that were starting to show promise in the field of Human Capital Management, particularly on the recruitment side of the house. In these testing times, unrivalled inevitably to have proper strategy in place to be successful in any venture.In business you set upnot do everything by yourself. You need capable and extremely accomplished people to assist you in achieving the goals that you have set for your organization. Today, we be in the era of War of Talent. Wherein it is becoming more and more hard to seize right kind of natural endowment and keep hold of them. Many organizations are trailing to competitors because they are not able to hire right type of people and retain them. What is the dif ference between Recruiting and Strategy Talent Acquisition? Recruitment is nothing more than filling the vacant positions, whereas Strategic Talent Acquisition is a farseeing term process. It is not only concerned with filling the vacant positions today, but likewise using the prospective candidate data for filling similar positions in future. Strategic Talent Acquisition allows an organization have a pool of competitive endowment that could be used for filling the positions in future. Executive leading cites the procurement of human capital among their top concerns.The first step to address this reality is the recognition that successful talent acquisition is no longer an one-year process, but instead is the process of building long-term strategies. Whether it is board room pr factory floor, a combat is swiftly taking shape. It impart by all odds redefine how organizations do business in the 21st- century market. A prophesy of the warfare came two decades ago, when Mckinsey consulting predicted a progress in the business setting that could afterwards on become the most serious issue facing HR managers.This Talent war or skill shortage is threatening the very existence of many corporations. It is believed that around 1/3 of business fai draws are due to inappropriate hiring decisions and their inability to draw and keep hold of right kind of talent. Star Performers who dont allow enough opportunities for growth and advancement in their current job often change jobs, and the shortage of talent becomes apparent. In this War of Talent, theres a need for long-term, and strategic talent acquisition. Organizations can no longer erely fill the positions as and when any vacancy arises. They must think ahead to deal with the sudden exodus of talent and adapt their strategies to allay the high turnover risk. Traditionally organizations do not consider the recruitment process as one of tactical importance, but in recent years many organizations are facing this harsh reality that they no longer have a wide pool of candidates to choose from. some(prenominal) changes in the past few years have tipped the balance in support of the highly talented individuals. Internet is one such change.It has brought the upstanding world into your living room. Candidates can now look for jobs online and send and receive enquiries about prospective positions within hours. Things are Further complicated by extension Shift. It is the change in outlook amongst the generations of employmentforce wholl stay put in the next few decades. Todays young generation of workforce has the outlook and pattern of behaviour that differ noticeably from preceding generations. No longer pleased to waste their whole career with one corporation, generation Y prefers work-life balance over loyalty.They are very much mobile and do not waver to look for a different position somewhere else if work-life balance is hurt or if they are treated badly. Furthermore, they may merely lo ok to alter the landscape every couple of years, moving to different part of the country to experience diverse cities or industries. Disparate to their parents or grandparents, they are ready to change jobs and switch to different company and might even regard as staying with the same company to be an indication of lethargy or lack of objective. Acquiring Star Performers is a both art and science.The key to success is to be able to attract the Top Performers. encourage Top Performers to identify other top performers outside your organization is an extremely useful tool. Corporations offer reward to their employees in order to get these names. Money can be an important factor in attracting Top Performers, but its not the only element. Being able to shape an opportunity and make it look raise will always attract top talent. Today more and more organizations are using benefits and perks as incentives to retain the talent.The main idea behind the talent acquisition is to move away fro m a reactive thinking i. e. to recruit when an individual is either promoted or leave the organization to a more pro-active one involving building of the desired skill sets. An all-inclusive, competency-based procedure will assist in identifying, developing and retaining top performers, and ensuring sufficient knowledge transfer for the subsequent generation of workforce. A focus on retention will not only aid in implementing a succession plan, but will also work to semi generational differences when recruiting these new generation employees.Supporting employees in maintaining a positive work-life balance will aid in retaining younger employees, and also young mothers who are lift children, or employees who are pursing educational opportunities. An assortment of scheduling options and eagerness to work with your workforce on those options makes an organization attractive to work in, and boosts the morale of existing workforce. It is also important that you make your employees cl early aware of their performance. This will not only build confidence of your employees but will also help them to grow.Provide feedback to your employees, and encourage them to mend their performance. Engagement is everything for new generation workforce. Habituated to receiving feedback via a multitude of technologies and social media. The members of this generation wish to see that their contributions and efforts are appreciated and recognized. Companies which demonstrate appreciation for hard work of its employees and which recognize the value of their workers contribution will be the Employer of Choice and find it easier to retain top talent.Keeping existing workforce happy can be one of the companys most efficient promotion strategies, as workers praise their employers and extend positive buzz both inside and outside the organization. In the similar fashion, the maunder of discontented employees can negatively influence the companys hiring and retention efforts. Poaching is one of the quickest way to get talented people onboard and it is not unethical as well. If I identify a talented person who fits my requirement and is working in another company and if I can lure that talent in to my organization then theres nothing wrong in doing that.In the end, I like to conclude that there is no silver bullet that will guarantee that a company succeeds in its efforts to construct a prolific, and adaptable workforce which is competent enough to meet and exceed the companies goals. Understanding a candidates motivational fit is extremely crucial in all recruitment and retention efforts. Studies have proved that motivational fit is the sole major predictor of malingering, turnover and overall employee satisfaction. If people are pleased with their position and pleased with their compensation and other benefits, they will be more prolific and in turn your company will be more productive.

Case Study Geo: Mt St Helens

Case Study of Mount St. Helens Date 18th May, 1980 Time 830-833 8 30 change and locomote erupted. 832earthquake of magnitude 5. 1 on the Richter scale caused the crop up on the north side of the mountain to move forwards and obliteratewards, releasing stuff and nonsense that formed a landslide of rock, glacier, ice, and soil that moved d experiencehill to fill nub Lake. However, the water altogether reinconstrained it, and it moved rapidly down the northern fork of the Toutle Valley. The mudflow reached Baker Camp, but the floodwater continued down the valley and the sediment blocked Portlands port on the Columbia River. 33The exposed magma explode sideways, which sent out blast waves of volcanic gas, steam, and dust, which is called a nuee ardente. This moved northwards for 25 km. Within this compass every form of life, like plants and animals, were destroyed. For the rest of the morning, a series of eruptions took place, which ejected gas, ash, and volcanic bombs, or simply r ocks. The thicker ash rose 20 km into the air and drifted eastwards before settling. The volcanic plume, or could, of beauteous ash reached the eastern coast of the USA three days later, and several days later, the ash had entirely encircled the world.Location Mount Saint Helens (strato blowhole) is in North America, in the Cascada mountain range. Skamania County, Washington province, USA. Plates involved Juan de Fuca cuticle and the North American Plate. Types of boundary and crust Oceanic (Juan de Fuca) and Continental (North American) crusts. The margin is destructive, also known as a convergent boundary. Its also a Subduction zone, as the Juan de Fuca plate is subducted under the North American Plate. Warning Signs On March 20th there was a minor earthquake, which measured 4. 1 on the Richter scale.Tremors happened for the next few days until the 27th of March, when there was actually a small eruption of steam and ash, which left a crater around 250 feet wide. On March 30t h there were 79 earthquakes on the mountain. After that minor eruptions occurred daily. On April 3rd there were harmonic tremors signaling the exploit of magma deep deep down the mountain. The crater was 1500 feet wide then. Explosions of ash, ice, and rock were happening almost daily. A harmonic tremor is a sustained release of seismic and/or infrasonic energy most often related to the underground movement of magma and/or the venting of volcanic gases from magma.In late April/early May the north side of the mountain had begun to bulge by 1. 5 meters per day, indicating a build-up of magma and an increase in pressure. By then the mountain had lost its perfect(a) cone shape. It was given the name Mount Fuju of America. What happened? Impacts? Economic All buildings and manmade structures within the vicinity of Spirit Lake were buried. More than 200 houses and cabins were destroyed and damaged in Skamania and Cowlitz Counties. Bridges, roads, trails, were also destroyed by the eru ption. More than 185 miles of highways and 15 miles of railways were also damaged.Around 12% of the total crop was ruined by settling dust. Fruit and alfalfa were make headway the hardest. Crops and livestock on valley floors were lost due to flooding. Unemployment around the region of the volcano rose tenfold immediately after the eruption, about weeks following the disaster. This returned to normal after the area was cleaned up. Tourism was nearly gamey in the area after the volcano erupted, nonetheless, this was quickly remedied as tourists began pouring in, eager to see the results of the incident. wellspring-disposed Of course the destroying of the houses and cabins led to many people being homeless.The ash coming from the eruption hindered the smooth footrace of car engines in three states. Trees caused a logjam 60 km away, carried away by floodwater. Electricity supplies were discontinue and telephone wires were cut. Many other electronic equipment malfunctioned due t o the layers of ash and the fine ash that drifted into the engines or structures. merchant marine was also affected because railways and highways were closed down. The ash also limited visibility, so it was dangerous on the roads. ash tree accumulation stopped airplanes from taking off in airports around the area.Environmental Many tens of thousands of acres of prime forest were destroyed or heavily damaged. Every tree in the 250 km2 blast zone north of the volcano was totally flattened and destroyed. 10 million or so trees had to be replanted. Like with the trees, nothing alive, or inanimate, survived the eruption within the blast zone. Game animals like elks, bears, and deer perished in the area as well Around 7000 of them died. However smaller rodents and such animals were able to survive, as they were below ground level and/or water surface when the volcano erupted.Salmon and other fish were lost when the hatcheries were destroyed, and an estimated of 40,000 young salmon were lost when they were forced to swim through hydroelectric turbine blades. After the eruption Mount St. Helens was left with a huge crater on its north side. The loss of the north side of the mountain, which was 13% of the cones volume, reduced Mount St. Helens height by about 1,313feet and left a crater that was 1 to 2miles wide and 2,100feet deep. Responses The government of Washington State set up two zones around the volcano, a Red Zone and a Blue Zone.The red one surrounded the volcano, while the blue one surrounded the red one. The WA bailiwick Guard response to Mt. St. Helens eruption was(from youtube) When I saw the plume rice 60-80,000 feet above, I mean it was exactly awesome that one away to say it because we never really get to see things like this often, however when I saw at the rate it was coming towards us I felt tremendously terrified. quint of the guards ignored the shut down command and went to save survivors of the eruption. Many people owe their lives to the f ive guards who risked their own lives to save them.

Productive and Counterproductive Behavior Paper

Productive and harmful Behaviors Paper * * University of Phoenix * Instructor Julie Wilson * November 14, 2010 * * * * * * * * * * * * Productive and Counter procreative Behaviors Paper * Organizations strive to achieve one main goal and that is to be arable. No business wants to go under or stay in the same position year after year not growing. One does not have to really know the definition of productive and harmful because the word its egotism say plenty. To me, productive doings says achieve goals and completing tasks. harmful says just the opposite.This paper will meditate the relationship between productive and counterproductive behavior in giving medications. The paper will define productive and counterproductive behavior describe the impact that productive and counterproductive behaviors have on the theorize exploit and the overall performance of an organization. I will also recommend strategies to increase productive behavior and mitigate counterproductive behavio r in organizations. * Productive behavior is defined as employee behavior that contributes dogmaticly to the goals and objectives of the organization (Jex & adenylic acid Britt, 2008).Productive behavior is the type of behavior just about every organization wants to have in their employees. Productive behavior types are those who want to achieve tasks and deform great with the other employees to achieve those tasks. Counterproductive behavior plenty be defined as a type of behavior that goes against the organization in achieving goals. Example of counterproductive behavior is late for progress to, procrastination on assignments, and not returning on cartridge holder for breaks so that nigh one else can take theirs. Productive behavior and counterproductive behavior colligate to each other because they involve people. Productive behavior is most likely to have a positive impact on an organization. Productive behavior type employees tend to complete more tasks in shorter m or meet the deadline proposed by management. Productive behavior affects the organization in accomplishing goals. The organization performance for productive employees will show in maybe revenue. In an organization, counterproductive behavior has a nix impact. The job performance from an employee who has counterproductive behavior shows up poorly in evaluation, tasks, and in revenue.The impact counterproductive behavior has on the organization can affect the organization. A company loses money to pay employee who does no work on the clock. A counterproductive employee can turn productive employees into counterproductive employee because of their lack of motivation some might be influenced easily. * There are many strategies management to increase productive behavior and come down counterproductive behavior. To increase productive behavior management can reward those employees for their job performance. This will sustain keep up the motivation for productive employees.By offering inc entives, employees will be quicker to complete tasks in an overall productive and effective manner. To decrease counterproductive behavior, management needs to look at the employees they can help and those who are not up for change. The best solution is just to terminate the employee who is not up for change, so that this behavior does not become contagious. A proficient way to minimize the amount of counterproductive behavior is to make sure that employees understand that there are penalties for nonproductive behavior in an organization.By allowing employees to quail at the negative effects of counterproductive behavior, an organization is making the fact that a counterproductive behavior is out of the question aware to the entire employee staff. This should make employees who normally exemplify counterproductive behavior more aware of the negative effect they are having on the organization and that there are consequences for their negativity. * In conclusion, most organizations h ave two types of behaviors. The types of behaviors are productive and counterproductive behavior.The two types of behaviors are noticeable in the workplace. The one working, come into work on time, first to arrive last to leave, and excited about work is the employee exemplifying productive behavior. In order for an organization to be successful, management has to choose which behavior to uphold in the work place.References Jex, S. M. , & Britt, T. W. (2008) Organizational Psychology. A Scientist-Practitioner Approach (2nd ed. ). John Wiley & Sons. * * . * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Bond Yields for Johnson & Johnson

Solution to Minicase 5 stay put Yields for Johnson & Johnson Objective The case enables the bookman to gain insight into the financing activities of astronomical corporations and to practice calculating bond prices and yields. Computations are carried out for one-year and semi annual interest periods, and for fractional periods. Case Discussion Johnson & Johnson is one of the leading pharmaceutical firms in the world. It is large and financially sophisticated. When it needs to borrow money, it sells bonds where it can get the best deal.Sometimes that means selling bonds to U. S. investors. otherwise times it means issuing Eurodollar bonds to investors outside the United States. (The text discusses the Eurobond market in more sagacity in Chapters 20 and 27. ) The student is asked in this case to use the techniques developed in Chapter 5 to get the yields of domestic bonds and Eurobonds. The main difference between the two is that domestic bonds pay interest periodicly, whereas Eurobonds pay annually. collectable to this difference in the frequency of compounding, the student must be careful to compare the APYs of domestic and Eurobonds when exhausting to visit the lower-cost alternative. Exhibit S-5-1 provides information concerning five Johnson & Johnson debt issues. Answers to Questions 1. Calculate the APY for each of Johnson & Johnsons bonds and identify which one has the choke(a) APY, assuming now is January 15, 2009. Answer Bond 1, calculate the APY of the 7. 375s23 eurobond. thither are 15 coupon ayments left, and the delay one was made 2 months plus 6 days ago (66 days ago). give annual earnings abbreviation CPN=7. 375% x chiliad = $73. 75. Solve the comparability development a spreadsheet with N=15, and f=(66/360)=0. 183333 to find the APY = 7. 3001% pic Bond 2, calculate the APY of the 7. 375s22 domestic bond. There are 27 coupon payments left and the furthest one was made 17 days ago on 12/29/08. Use semiannual payment analysis CPN/2=7. 75% x 1000 / 2 = $36. 875. Solve the equation using a spreadsheet with N=(2 x 13. 5)=27 semiannual periods, and f=(17/180) = 0. 094444 to find r = 3. 5198%, so the APY = 7. 1635% pic Bond 3, calculate the APY of the 8. 25s31 eurobond. There are 23 coupon payments left, and the last one was made 8 months and 15 days ago (255 days ago). Use annual payment analysis CPN=8. 25% x 1000 = $82. 50.Solve the equation with N=23 years, and f = (255)/360) = 0. 708333 to find APY = 7. 8288% pic Bond 4, calculate the APY of the 6. 73s20 domestic bond. There are 24 coupon payments left, and the last one was made 4 months ago (long hundred days ago). Use semiannual payment analysis CPN/2=6. 3% x 1000 / 2 = $33. 65. Solve the equation using a spreadsheet with N=2 x 12=24 semiannual periods, and f = 120/180 = 0. 666667 to find r = 3. 6269%, so the APY = 7. 3854% pic Bond 5, calculate the APY of the 6. 85s35 domestic bond. There are 52 coupon payments left, and the last one was m ade 14 days ago. Use semiannual payment analysis CPN/2=6. 85% x 1000 / 2 = $34. 25. Solve the equation using a spreadsheet with N=2 x 26=52 semiannual periods, and f = 14/180 = 0. 077778 to find r = 3. 5616%, so the APY = 7. 2500% pic The 7. 375s22 have the lowest APY, 7. 1635%. 2. The 8. 25s28 can be called in 2021 at par. Calculate the YTC (yield to call) assuming today is January 15, 2009. Does this change your answer to question 1? Answer There are 13 coupon payments left, and the last one was made 8 months and 15 days ago (255 days ago). Use annual payment analysis CPN=8. 25% x 1000 = $82. 50. Solve the equation with N=13 years, and f = (255)/360) = 0. 08333 to find APY = 7. 6871% pic The APY of 7. 6871% is less than the APY of 7. 8288% found for Bond 3 in question 1, but is more than the other bonds. So the answer to question 1 does not change, the 7. 375s22 have the lowest APY, 7. 1635%. Exhibit S-5-1 Terms of Johnson & Johnson Debt Issues ISSUE commercialise COUP ON FREQUENCY MATURITY PRICE1 (% OF PAR) 73/8s 20 Eurobond 73/8% Annual 11/09/20 101. 9785 73/8s 19 Domestic 73/8% Semiannual 06/29/19 103. 288 81/4s 28 Eurobond 81/4% Annual 04/30/28 110. 1563 6. 73s 17 Domestic 6. 73% Semiannual 09/15/17 98. 1535 6. 85s 32 Domestic 6. 85% Semiannual 01/01/32 97. 0501 1 Including accrued interest.

Apple Competitve Strength Assesment

What does a emulous strength assessment erupt about apple, as compared to the leaders in the personal computer industry? Design and innovation oriented. great horizontal and vertical integration. R&D oriented. Everything ready device. ? 5. )Use the methodology in Table 4. 4 to allow your answer. Among these competitors, who enjoys the strongest matched position? Dell Inc. enjoys the strongest competitive position. Apples operating in a fast(a)-cycle market. smasheds capabilities that contribute to competitive advantage aren? shielded from imitation. Where imitation is very fast and inexpensive. Apples products and services confuse more restriction than its rivals 5. )Who is in the weakest everyplaceall competitive position? Acer. Most of its gross (63. 8%) was rely in the mobile phone industry. But mobile phone industry that have very intense competitive.With Apple and Nokia as major players. ? 5. )Has Apples strategy resulted in a substantial competitive advantage over its rivals in the computer industry? What is the basis for whatever competitive advantage it has? Innovation plays a dominant role in the competitive dynamics in fast cycle markets. Stronger brands value. MP3 PlayersOverallSound QualityEase of UseReliability Apple8. 38. 78. 68. 3 Microsoft8. 18. 78. 38. 2 Creative7. 88. 47. 58. 1 Archos7. 68. 17. 68. 0 Iriver7. 68. 47. 28. 1 Toshiba7. 68. 58. 18. 0 SanDisk7. 58. 07. 57. 9 Samsung7. 48. 07. 57. 9 Sony7. 38. 07. 47. 8 Industry Average7. 48. 17. 67. 8 6. ) What does a competitive strength assessment reveal about Apple, as compared to another(prenominal) main players in the digital music industry?Use the methodology in Table 4. 4 to support your answer. Among these digital music player competitors, which company enjoys the strongest competitive position? Who is in the weakest overall competitive position? Has Apples strategy resulted in a substantial competitive advantage over its rivals in the digital music player industry? What is the b asis for whatever competitive advantage Apple has? Other Apples competitive advantages Marketing Features and technology Best Replacement in TV shows

Three paragraph character sketch essay on Harriet Tubman

Harriet Tubman is an old, African American, uncontrolled slave. This was a woman that was very brave and fought for her rights/freedom. She just didnt want freedom for herself she wanted it for all(prenominal) African Americans. I would also have to verify that she was a very smart woman. I register that because she carried a gun around with her, so if any of the other runaways wanted to go back she would be them with the gun because she knew that the masters would end up finding Harriet and the others, she also decided to run away on a Saturday, so that gave her and the others an extra day to get away because flyers could not be printed until Monday.The masters was already aware that a man named Moses was helping the slaves get away , so they had to keep an extra pump on all of the slaves. The masters woke up on that Saturday they were surprised to find out that some of their slaves were gone. Harriet knew someone that could help them and his name was Moses. In the text it sa ys As they walked along she told them stories of her own first flight, she kept video vivid word pictures of what it would be like to be free. This tells me that one of Harriets character traits were encouraging. I say encouraging because she is telling them stories of happiness and of what their life could be like. In the story it also says She managed to dispel their misgiving of pursuit, so that they would not become hysterical, panic-stricken. She was also encouraging them in this line, to continue their journey, and their fight to freedom.

Preschool Childrens Reading Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Preschool Childrens tuition - query Paper ExampleThe importance of motivating childrens reading in information this technology era. Reading is integral in the bear on of educating children (Alderman, 2013). However, for children to read and study effectively they need an incentive that would lure them into the process (Brock et al., 2008). Therefore, the imperativeness of motivating their reading is of utmost importance (Blachowicz et al., 2006). The reading techniques, teaching procedures, curriculum contents and the esthetical environment are also foremost. Technological factors arsehole also be incorporated into reading with find to the era of dynamic technological advancements (Brock et al., 2008). The significance of preschool educators in promoting childrens reading is highly related to childrens language, social, emotional, and aesthetic development (Becker, McElvany & Kortenbruck, 2010). While trying to promote childrens reading habits, the educators should pass water the popular language into consideration.Children are likely to enjoy readings that are encrypted in a language that they can easily relate to (Bishop et al., 2010). Understanding is integral in the reading process and relevant reading languages value the childrens understanding of the materials that they are reading. Social and emotional aspects also have a bearing on childrens reading habits. Therefore, educators should consider the childrens attitudes towards reading because this is a core indicator of their emotions towards the same.

Summary and evaluation writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Summary and evaluation writing - Essay ExampleAlthough, he admits that one whitethorn unintentionally omit some drawing aspects, he emphasizes on the essence of the incorporation of standard symbols and features when representing a source or a specific target. Goldschmidt ecucidates on how creative sketching can moderate the problem blank by showing the representation behavior depicted in the sketches. While drawing has undergone evolution all over the years with improvement of paper, Goldschmidt argues that it is recemmended for skilled sketchers to integrate orthogonal projections in their skecthes for complete representaion. Though a figure of speech of researcher suggest the benefits of imagery over sketches, Goldschmidt strongly disapproves this allegation. Concerning the beneficial aspect of skething on sharpening ones creative imagination and contemplative skills, I wholly support Goldschmidt. Though not both mortal or child may possess good skething skills or simply the passion as both individual has their innate capabilities. His acknowlededgement of the fact that skething in a child improves over time to a fine level is largely accurate as regular practice in sketching advances over time. However, I do not subscibe to the idea that emphasizes on the necessity of incorporating orthogonal projection as I strongly take that each artist has their own way of enhancing their sketches. This takes me to the point that sketching is a liberated field and so every sketcher should do their own style. Lastly, I concur with Goldschmidt in emphasizing that sketches speak volumes as compargond to imagery and they are easier to interpret. Although th use of imagery is crucial in creative writing, it is best suited for longer works besides involving some element of reading skills. Schon, D. 1983, Design as a reflective conversation with the status, The reflective practitioner How professionals think in action, Basic Books, New York, pp. 76-104. Schon complain s about the little attention that computer computer architecture has received over the years especially considering the fact that most image professions derive their foundation from architecture as field. He goes ahead to affirm how design can manifest as a reflective conversation more so in difficult and complex circumstances and situations. Schon categorically mentions in his word the close relationship between verbal and non-verbal communication, clearly depicting the essence of design as an architectural tool in eliminating language barrier. In reflecting the design aspects, Schon agrees that the shape plays an important role in architectural design as it forms silent reflective conversations with the subjects. Besides, he states the role of different shapes in as uttermost as enhancing space is concerned. Schon claims that there are three dimensions attached to architectural design namely the consequences of the design sphere, the implications of the discovery, and the abili ty to respond to the situation. Schon argues that architectural design is crucial in solving problems of geometrical nature by dint of critical and analytical reflection of the elements of design domain. I agree with Schons claim that architecture as the mother of all designs does not get the deserved acknowledgement in as far as